Ali Asghar Semsar Yazdi,Majid Labbaf Khaneiki's Qanat Knowledge: Construction and Maintenance PDF

This booklet deals a prepared answer when you desire to research extra approximately this interesting a part of our water heritage and makes available to the broader global the conventional wisdom received from construction and conserving qanats for greater than 2,500 years.  there's even more right here than a precis of the character and distribution of qanats, and a extra wide trip in the course of the philosophy, equipment, instruments, and terminology of qanat layout and digging than formerly assembled.  

Where does one start to dig to make sure that the qanat tunnel will circulate with water?  How are sensible issues of panorama factored into the design?  How are water caliber and discharge measured?  How does excavation continue via bedrock and unconsolidated soil and the way is that this wisdom of geology and pedology acquired?  How are vertical wells and tunnels excavated to take care of right air offer, gentle, and water flow?  How does one take care of distinct difficulties like tunnel cave in, the buildup of gasses and vapors, and the pooling of water in the course of construction?  How are instruments and gauges designed, maintained, and used?  How have qanats been included into different constructions like watermills, reservoirs, ice homes, and irrigation networks?  and the way are qanats wiped clean, prolonged, maintained in the course of the a long time, and integrated into sleek water supplies? 

The nice contribution of this paintings is the tale it tells of the ingenuity and functional abilities of the qanat masters who for hundreds of years and generations have reduce an uncountable variety of tunnels via bedrock and alluvium utilizing hand instruments and homespun recommendations to difficulties that may vex the main skilled university-trained engineers.